Hymenoplasty: what it involves

What the hymen is, why it tears, and what hymen reconstruction surgery actually involves.

Diagram accompanying an article on hymenoplasty

Quick answer

What does a hymenoplasty involve?

Hymenoplasty reconstructs the hymen using dissolvable sutures. It is performed under local anaesthetic as a day case, so you go home the same day, and there is no visible scarring. Recovery is short and most women resume normal activities within a few days.

What the hymen is

The hymen is a thin membrane surrounding the opening of the vagina, sitting about half an inch inside it and usually around the size of a fingernail. It is present from birth and normally has one or more small openings, which allow menstrual blood and other secretions to pass.

Why it tears

For all sorts of reasons. Sexual activity, childbirth, and physical activities such as cycling or horse riding can all damage it. Some women have a naturally thin or elastic hymen that tears more readily. In some cultures an intact hymen is treated as a sign of virginity, which is why this is a subject carrying far more weight than its anatomy deserves.

The procedure

Hymenoplasty, also called hymen reconstruction, repairs or reconstructs the membrane using dissolvable sutures. It is performed under local anaesthetic as a day case — you go home the same day. Recovery is short and most women resume normal activities within a few days.

On being asked why

Women choose hymenoplasty for cultural, religious or personal reasons. I do not require you to explain which, and the consultation is confidential.